Write down the epidemiology, treatment and complication of gonorrhea?

Q. 34. Write down the epidemiology, treatment and complication of gonorrhea?
 Epidemiology of gonorrhea :-
A. Occurrence :- It is endemic all over the world. Incidence rate is high in the western countries but mortality rate is low.
B. Ecological traid:-
1. Agent : Neisseria gonorrhea
2. Host :- Male are more affected. most infection occurs in the 15 to 30 years of age.
C. Natural history :-
1. Reservoir (source) :- case and carrier.
2. Infectious period: It extends for months or years if untreated, but specific treatment ends communicability within days or hours.
3. Mode of transmission :-
(i) Direct sexual contact of any form.
(ii) In the course of delivering the baby of an infected mother.
4. Incubation period : 2-10 days.

 Treatment :- Treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea
1. Penicillin- Sensitive :-
(i) Ampicillin and oral 2-3.5 gm
(ii) Probenecid oral 1 gm single dose.
(iii) Cotrimoxazole oral 8 × 480 mg single dose or
       disposable tablets 5 ×480 mg 12 hourly × 3 dose

2. Penicillin- resistant :-
(i) Ciprofloxacin oral 250- 500 mg single dose
(ii) Cefolaxime 1/m 0.5-1 gm single dose.
(iii) spectinomycin 1/m 2-4 gm single dose.

 Complication of Gonorrhea :-
1. Epididyno- orchitis
2. Salpingitis and pelvic infection.
3. Perihepatitis
4. Bacteraemia (rare)
5. Acute gonococcal orthritis and septicaemia.
6. Acute purulent conjunctivits (Ophthalmia neonatorum) in infants born to infected mother