. 31. Define epidemic, endemic, control, eradication, elimination, vector, definitive host, comprehensive health care, incubation period, agent and surveillance?
Epidemic :- The occurrence of cases of a disease or other health related events clearly in excess of normal expectation in a particular place in a given period of time is called an epidemic
Endemic :- The occurrence of a disease or infectious agent regularly in an area either through the year or in particular seasons on an yearly basis without importation from outside is called endemic.
Eradication :- termination of all transmission of infection by extermination of the infectious agent through surveillance and containment.
Elemination :- It may be defined as eradication of disease from a geographical area.
Vector :- Any arthropods or any living carrier that transports an infectious agent to a susceptible individual
Definitive host :- Hosts in which the parasite attains maturity or passes its sexual stage are called primary or definitive host.
Incubation Period :- It is time interval between the entry of causative agent in the body and manifestation of clinical sign and symptoms.
Agent :- The disease agent may be defined as “a substance, living or non-living or a force tangible or intangible the excessive presence or relative lock of which is the immediate causes of particular disease.
Surveillance:- Surveillance has been defined as “the continuous scrutiny of the factors that determine the occurrence and distribution of disease and other conditions of ill-health in a target population.
Comprehensive health care :- Comprehensive health care may be defined “as the provision of integrate preventable, curative and promotional health service form ‘womb to tomb’ to every individual residing in a define geographical area.
Epidemic :- The occurrence of cases of a disease or other health related events clearly in excess of normal expectation in a particular place in a given period of time is called an epidemic
Endemic :- The occurrence of a disease or infectious agent regularly in an area either through the year or in particular seasons on an yearly basis without importation from outside is called endemic.
Eradication :- termination of all transmission of infection by extermination of the infectious agent through surveillance and containment.
Elemination :- It may be defined as eradication of disease from a geographical area.
Vector :- Any arthropods or any living carrier that transports an infectious agent to a susceptible individual
Definitive host :- Hosts in which the parasite attains maturity or passes its sexual stage are called primary or definitive host.
Incubation Period :- It is time interval between the entry of causative agent in the body and manifestation of clinical sign and symptoms.
Agent :- The disease agent may be defined as “a substance, living or non-living or a force tangible or intangible the excessive presence or relative lock of which is the immediate causes of particular disease.
Surveillance:- Surveillance has been defined as “the continuous scrutiny of the factors that determine the occurrence and distribution of disease and other conditions of ill-health in a target population.
Comprehensive health care :- Comprehensive health care may be defined “as the provision of integrate preventable, curative and promotional health service form ‘womb to tomb’ to every individual residing in a define geographical area.
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