the route of transmission, prevention and control of STD ?

Q. 37. Describe the route of transmission, prevention and control of STD ?

 Route of transmission of STD :-
1. Sexual intercourse
2. Kissing or touching of an infected person.
3. Direct contact with infected secretions in the birth canal during delivery e,g. Ophthalamia neonatorum.
4. Fomites such as shared damp towels
5. Via fresh blood, e,g, Transfusion syphilis, hepatitis.
6. Via blood products or contaminated needles e, g ,hepatitis, AIDS.
7. Contaminated fingers, e, g, pubic lice.

 Prevention and control of STD :-
Some important principles of the prevention and control of STDS are :-
1. Early accurate diagnosis by screening contact tracing and cluster testing.
2. Case holding and effective treatment and close follow-up to ensure cure.
3. Personal prophylaxis using contraceptives (e, g  condom, diaphragm, and vaccine etc)
4. Partner notification- The identification of potentially infected partners and their treatment.
5. Health and sex education on STDS
6. Screening – Certain groups of at- risk patients should be screened and routine blood donor and antenatal serological testing should continue.
7. Support services :-
(i) STD clinic
(ii) Primary health care
(iii) Laboratory services for diagnosis
(iv) Information system development by clinical notification laboratory notification, and sentient and cohic surveillance.
(v) Legislation.
(vi) Social welfare measures
- Rehabilitation of prostitutes
- Marriage counseling
- Provision of decent living conditions